Lesson 11
One good turn deserves another
礼尚往来
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★turn n. 行为，举止
behavior：行为，举止
pay attention to your behavior
turn：对人有影响力的行为
★deserve v. 应得到，值得
He deserves praise.他应该得到表扬
Yor deserve the best.你应该得到最好的
deserve + n.
promotion：提升
He deserved a promotion.
deserve to do: 应该...
She deserved to be punished.
Good work deserves good pay.
★lawyer n. 律师
lawyer's office：律师事务所
★bank n. 银行
rob the bank：抢银行
★salary n. 工资
pay：工资（salary+wage) 通用
salary:工资（月薪，年薪）……有固定工作或管理阶层
wage:工资（按小时，周计算的）……不稳定的工作
bonus：奖金，分红
collet:搜集，领取 collect salary/wage：领工资
★immediately adv. 立刻
at once：立刻，马上
right now：现在
right away：＝at once,immediately 立刻，马上
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Who paid for Tony's dinner?
I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony worked in a lawyer's office years ago, but he is now
working at a bank. He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. Tony saw me
and came and sat at the same table. He has never borrowed money from me. While he was eating, I asked him to lend me twenty
pounds. To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. 'I have never borrowed any money from you,' Tony said, 'so now you
can pay for my dinner!'
参考译文
我正在一家饭馆吃饭，托尼.斯蒂尔走了进来。托尼曾在一家律师事务所工作，而现在正在一家银行上班。他的薪水很高，但他却总是向朋
友借钱，并且从来不还。托尼看见了我，就走过来和我坐到一张桌子前。他从未向我借过钱。当他吃饭时，我提出向他借20英镑。令我惊奇的
是，他立刻把钱给了我。“我还从未向你借过钱，”托尼说道，“所以现在你可以替我付饭钱了！”
【课文讲解】
One good turn deserves another 礼尚往来，善有善报
One bad turn deserves another 恶有恶报
work for……强调工作
work in……强调in后面的地点
some/several years ago
名词-s,前面省略了some
working at a bank 比较稳定
He gets a good salary.薪水不错
The teachers in the new oriental school can get good salary.
borrow from：从...借
never=not 前面不需要加助动词
pay back：还钱
and连接三个并列的动词
at the same table：坐在同一张桌子旁边
at table：吃饭
at the table:坐在桌子旁边
Would you like to join us?
has never borrowed 潜台词perhaps,this time he would borrow from me
ask sb.to do请求某人做...
to my surprise:真让我惊讶
pay for：为...而付钱
ask for:问...要
I have paid for you a dinner.
I have paid 20 dollars for the book.（强调）
It's my treat.我请客
Let's go dutch.AA制
This time is your treat. next time is my turn.
【Key structures】
Exercises A
a.what is happening now……进行时态
b.what always happens……一般时态
c.what happened……过去时态
d.what has happened……现在完成时态
e.what was happening……过去进行时态
a. He is now working at a bank.(现阶段）
We are learning English.
b.(现在、过去、将来）习惯、反复
He always lent his CD to the others.(过去）
I will visit you.(将来）
I visit you(无论现在，过去，还是将来）
c.在过去的时间里，发生的事情，不强调对现在的影响和跟其它时间的比较，叫一般过去式．
过去的过去……过去完成时
有过去发生的动作，但是还强调对现在的影响……现在完成时
有（yesterday,last night)以前的事情，没有强调对现在的影响……一般过去时
d.过去的行为对现在产生的影响或者过去的行为一直延续的现在……现在完成时
e.过去某一特定时间发生的动作……过去进行时
Exercises C
1.gets...got
2.have not had (have-have had)
so far:up to now 到目前为止 现在完成时
3.was writing were talking
4.I'm typing at the moment……标志着现在进行时；now
5.were passing
Exercises D
...动词的正确语态填空，时态
先确定主被动，然后确定时态
in the seventeenth century……一般过去时的标志
The Taj Mahal……泰姬陵
was built;
became;
died;
was built in one's honour: 为了纪念某人
were called (call in:召集)
was begun;
was completed;
cost;
has been visited; (up to the present day : up to now)
【Multiple choice exercises】
4.a
at the moment:现在进行时
since:自从 点时间
for:一段 段时间
for three hours; since yesterday; for a day; for three days
since three days ago
8.a
good salary well:表示好的时候一般用作副词
He is well.
fine……天气好，质量好
10.c
pay back:还钱
pay something:付钱 pay again;再次付钱
pay it :付钱 once more:again
repay it =pay back
11.one……代词，指代上文的名词 The red one.
a different one
one……指代单数可数名词
another
He is a boy
【Special difficulties】
I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.
ask somebody to do something.
want to do something want somebody to do
会用sb to do sth的动词：
ask; want; tell; order; expect; wish; allow; advise; like; teach
一定不能说 hope somebody to do 正确用法：hope to do 或 hope that
Exercises A
1.order somebody to do
...the man to fire at the enemy
.........
Exercises B
1.He ask somebody to do something
He asked his wife to let him in.
2.prefer：宁可
I prefer him to die.
..........
b.salary wages c.borrow from lend to
exercises:
1.salary;
2.lend slary/wages
3.borrowed (laptop:手提电脑）
4.wages.
5.wages.
难点：
...somebody to do something
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Lesson 12
Goodbye and good luck
再见，一路顺风
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★luck n. 运气，幸运
good luck
bless you 保重
break your leg=good luck
lucky dog 幸运儿
lucky day 幸运日
unlucky
luckily adv.
★captain n. 船长
★sail v. 航行
★harbour n. 港口
port air port
★proud adj. 自豪
be proud of：以...为自豪
Parents are proud of their children.
pride n. take pride in
自满
★important adj. 重要的
importance n.
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Where is Captain Alison going and how?
Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison, will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow. We'll meet him at the harbour early in the
morning. He will be in his small boat, Topsail. Topsail is a famous little boat. It has sailed across the Atlantic many
times. Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time. We'll see his boat and then we'll say
goodbye to him. He will be away for two months. We are very proud of him. He will take part in an important race across the
Atlantic.
参考译文
我们的邻居查尔斯.艾利森船长明天就要从朴次茅斯启航了。明天一大早我们将在码头为他送行。他将乘坐他的“涛波赛”号小艇。“涛波
赛”号是艘有名的小艇，它已经多次横渡大西洋。艾利森船长将于8点钟启航，因此我们有充裕的时间。我们将参观他的船，然后和他告别。他
要离开两个月，我们真为他感到自豪，他将参加一次重大的横渡大西洋的比赛。
【课文讲解】
Portsmouth
将来时态 early in the morning：一大早
late in the afternoon 傍晚
meet somebody＋地点 去某地接某人
I'll meet you at the station.
see somebody off 送行，目送
in his small boat Topsail
little……往往倾注了一定的感情 small……没有感情
famous：好的评价
sailed across：横渡 the Atlantic：大西洋
over……过桥
once twice three times......
表示次数的时候，for 一定不能加
I do something twice.
set out：出发 set off begin something
plenty: enough a lot of：指客观上的多
plenty of I have plenty of money.相对多
see--visit Can I see it?
say goodbye to somebody; say hello to; say sorry to
I said hello to him this morning.
You must say sorry to somebody.
be away He has been there. leave……短暂性动词不能和段时间连用
He will leave. be＋形容词（介词短语）
短暂动词 代替 状态
arrive …… be here/there
leave …… be away
die …… be dead
join …… be a soldier/in the army
He has been away for two hours.
He left two hours ago.点时间
take part in; enter for
I have entered for the meeting,but now I don't want to take part in
the meeting.
横渡大西洋的比赛 across the Atlantic 介词短语做定语放在被修饰词的
后面
on the desk The book is on the desk.
at the door. the person at the door.
总结
和水面有关，横渡……across
meet somebody+地点 see somebody off
be away
【Special Difficulties】
一般将来时
be＋副词 be in ; Is Tome in?在家
be out:出去 be away：离开 be on：上映 The film is on.
be back be up to something:胜任某件事情，能够做某件事
is over Game is over.
be set set out set off set up
【Multiple choice question】
2.Topsail...C
will...将要完成
has... 已经完成
be in the race：take part in the race 参加比赛
at the race 在比赛场地观看比赛
拜访某地 call at
在某个小地点 at the airport
11....A
be in the race：take part in the race
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Lesson 13
The Greenwood Boys
绿林少年
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★group n. 小组，团体
group：指合唱团
band n.乐队
★pop singer 流行歌手
pop :popular adj.受欢迎的
pop song(music)流行音乐
pop star：歌星
★club n. 俱乐部
night club 夜总会
★performance n. 演出
-mance 名词标志
★occasion n. 场合
中文：在某种场合，某种条件下，某种环境中
英文：occasion = time：时候
this occasion; on the(this)occasion.
occasionally adv.＝sometimes 有时候，偶尔
on the occasion; occasionally
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why will the police have a difficult time?
The Greenwood Boys are a group of pop singers. At present, they are visiting all parts of the country. They will be
arriving here tomorrow. They will be coming by train and most of the young people in the town will be meeting them at the
station. Tomorrow evening they will be singing at the Workers' Club. The Greenwood Boys will be staying for five days. During
this time, they will give five performances. As usual, the police will have a difficult time. They will be trying to keep
order. It is always the same on these occasions.
参考译文
“绿林少年”是一个流行歌曲演唱团。目前他们正在全国各地巡回演出，明天就要到达此地。他们将乘火车来，镇上的大部分青年人将到
车站迎接他们。明晚他们将在工人俱乐部演出。“绿林少年”准备在此逗留5天。在此期间，他们将演出5场。同往常一样，警察的日子将不好
过，他们将设法维持秩序。每逢这种场合，情况都是这样。
【课文讲解】
全文几乎都是将来时态
汉译英要学会缩句：找谓语动词
...are a gruop of six girls.
at present 目前
up to now/so far 到目前为止
nowadays adv.目前
be doing 正在做某事
visit v.拜访、参观；（歌手）巡演
all parts of the country 全国各地
all parts of the world 全世界各地；介词用in
in all parts of the world 在全世界各地
visit＋地点，表示去某地
They stay in all parts of the world.
某某人到中国访问 visit china
带有职业相关目的 visit some place
The headmasters of the New Oriental school visited Lanzhou.
将要到达这里 be arriving here
will be doing 将来进行时态；理解为一般将来时的另一种形式；
将来进行时态的意思往往等于一般将来时态。
We will be acting.我们将要行动了
...will be coming by train...
,..will be meeting them...
and conj.连接
the young people in the town 镇上的年轻人
most of the young people in the town 镇上的大部分年轻人
most of...大多数的
most of the books; most of the time
most of + the...
most of the young people
most young people
most students/most of the students.
tomorrow evening 明天晚上
...will be singing...将演出，避免重复，使用sing
at the Workers'Club 在工人俱乐部
yesterday evening 昨天晚上
this evening 今天晚上
night:last night 昨天夜间；tonight 今天夜间；
tomorrow night 明天夜间； next night 第二天晚上
逗留五天...will be staying here for five days
演出五场...give five performances
as usual 象往常一样
The police will have a difficult time...
have a good time 玩得开心； have a hard time 生活得艰辛
have a difficult time.日子不象平时那样惬意
try to do 设法做某事，尽力做某事
keep order 维持次序
...on these accasion(s)每逢这种场合
the same 表示情况相同
Why are you late?
What took you so long?
注意同一意思的多种表达方式
【Key structures】
将来进行时
用一般将来时和将来进行时所表达的含义是一致的。
一般将来时：shall/will + 动词原形
１．表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
２．将来时的其他结构；
基本结构：shall/will + 动词原形
Ⅰ：be going to do something 打算做某事；be gonna[美语]
He'll lose.
与打算无关含义的句子，will与be going to do 不能互换
be going to 与will对比；下列情况须用will
* I'll be sixteen years old next year.
Ⅱ：be + to do sth.表示计划安排在某事或用来征求意见
Eg: I am to have a holiday.
Ⅲ：be about to do sth.即将做某事。
Ⅳ：will be doing 表示将要做某事
Ⅴ：be doing(瞬间动词）表示将来时态
go,come arrive,leave,die,land,join
Ⅵ：be 一般现在时表示将要发生
Eg: if it rains,...
【Special difficulties】
名词所以格：
（ａ）在单数名词及不以 -s 结尾的人名后加 's;
(ｂ）在规则的复数名词的 -s 后面加所有格符号 ';
（ｃ）在以 -s 结尾的单数名词后加 -'s;
（ｄ）在以 -s 结尾的人名后面即可以用 's 也可以用所有格符号 ';
in twenty minutes' time
3 minutes'walk(drive)
how much minced meat...?
I want ten pounds' worth of minced meat.
Exercise 8. how much damage was there?
哪儿有多大的损失？
A.There was a hundred pounds'worth of damage.
〖语法精粹〗
4.I want...
A.a dollar worth candy
B.candy a dollar's worth
C.a dollar's worth of candy
D.a dollar worth's candy
Answer : C is right.
【Multiple choice exercises】
5....in...
during this time: 在这段期间
during和in之间有区别，但是它们之间却是近义词
during this time=in this time
this time: 这一次
6.....
as usual:像往常一样
7.....b....
the people,the police,the cattle,复数
8...c...
pop=popular:受欢迎的，everyone likes；folk:民间的，民族；public:公众的
12....d...
on these occasions:在一个时候
situation: 情况，in the situation
condition: 状态，条件，in the conditon
11....
recital:朗诵，演出（对外公开）
execution: 演出（倾向技巧），
play: 戏剧
songs: 歌子
【Grammars】一般将来时
1."The meeting is scheduled to begin at 7 o'clock"
"But__ｃ___a delay."
A.it will be B.there'd be
C.there will be D.there is
schedule:按计划， delay:延迟，拖延和耽误
将来时态
it be:它是,be动词的后面一旦加名词，往往认为主语和名词之间是等号关系
there be:哪儿有，有某事发生
There will be a meeting.
There was a fire.
2.He'll leave for Paris before you__ｃ___next week.
A.will come back B.will be back
C.come back D.came back
before,状语从句的标志
在状语从句中不可能出现将来时，都被一般现在时态取代
3.Our next meeting__ｃ___on 1st December
A.has been held B.will hold
C.is to be held D.is holding
be to,将来的标志，是将来还是被动
4.Where__c___a will,there is a way.
A.there will have B.has been there
C.there is D.there has been.
有志者事竞成
where 引导的是地点主语从句
5.It_____be Wednesday tomorrow.
A.is going to B.will
C.is about to D.is to
一般的情况可以互换，遇上没有办法打算和计划安排的，只能用will be
be about to:计划打算; be to:计划打算；be going to :计划打算
will,单纯的表将来
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