【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★while  n. 一段时间
some time
wait for a while:等一会儿
隔了一会儿：after a while

★regret  v. 后悔
regret sth.
You will regret it. 你会为此而后悔的
regret to do:很遗憾要去做
regret doing：很遗憾已经做
I regret to tell you a bad news.
I regret telling him the news.
I regret to steal your money.
regret that
遗憾：pity,sorry,regret
pity  n.   It's a pity.
sorry  adj.  I am sorry....
regret  v.

★far  adv. 非常
比较级前面可以加修饰词，表示程度
多一点点用a little; 多很多用much
far＝much，修饰形容词或副词的比较级

★rush  v. 冲
rush:（用腿）冲
run：跑（速度很快）

★act  v. 行动
take action：采取行动

★straight  adv. 径直
go straight on ：笔直往前走

★fright  n. 害怕
frighten  v. 惊吓
frightening：令人感到可怕的
frightened： 自己感到可怕的
frightful＝terrible
Handwriting is frightful.
Cold is frightful.
一个动词能够加ing/ed,证明这个动词跟人的情绪有关系，它的宾语就会是人
This doesn't worry me.
You frighten me.
get a fright:得到惊吓的感觉
get a surprise
I get a fright.
You give me a fright.
give sb.sth.  give,给人带来感觉
give me a pleasure/an excitement/a fright

★battered  adj. 撞坏的
batter  v.
动词＋ed：被。。。
battered:lose one's shape, 被撞变形的
damaged:被刮坏了
destroyed car:车子坏了不能修
damaged car:车子坏了能修
battered car:车变形
battered bag:破旧不堪的包

★shortly  adv. 很快，不久
shortly afterwards：不久以后
shorty＝soon

★afterwards  adv. 以后
afterwards＝later：以后，后来
不久以后：soon

    First listen and then answer the question.
    听录音，然后回答以下问题。
    How did Roy stop the thieves?

    Roy Trenton used to drive a taxi. A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he has not regretted it. He is

finding his new work far more exciting. When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a

shop and run towards a waiting car. One of them was carrying a bag full of money. Roy acted quickly and drove the bus

straight at the thieves. The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag. As the thieves were trying to get

away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and

telephoned the police. The thieves' car was badly damaged and easy to recognize. Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the

car and both men were arrested.

参考译文

    罗伊.特雷顿原是开出租汽车的，然而就在前不久，他开上了公共汽车，也并不为此而感到后悔。他发觉自己的新工作令人兴奋得多。最近

，当他正开车在凯特福德街上行驶时，看到有两个小偷从一家商店里冲出来，奔向等在那里的一辆汽车，其中一个提着一只装满钞票的提包。

罗伊行动迅速，开车直冲窃贼而去。拿钱的那个小偷吓得把提包都扔了。当那两个小偷企图乘车逃跑时，罗伊驾驶他的公共汽车撞在了那辆车

的后尾上。当那辆被撞坏的车开走后，罗伊停下车，给警察挂了电话。小偷的车损坏严重，很容易辨认。没过多久，警察就截住了那辆车，两

个小偷都被抓住了。

【课文讲解】

He used to drive a taxi,but now he doesn't have drive a taxi any more.
a short while ago=a short time ago, 不久以前

however
1.可以放在句首，可以放在句中
2.如果一个词两边有逗号，证明这个词是插入语

You will regret it.
find，可以用一般现在时态，可以用进行时态
He is finding his trip very exciting.

far more exciting

along: 沿着

a waiting car:正在等候的车子
see sb.do sth. :看见某人做某事（强调全过程）
see sb.dong sth.:看见某人正在做某事
I see them dance.
I see them danceing.  局部

hear sb.doing/hear sb.do
如果全过程用do,如果是过程当中的一瞬间用doing

full of:装满
I have a cup full of tea.
at:强调瞄准的概念

with 短语一旦出现在名词或代词之后就做定语，出现在动词之后做状语
He came in with a book.
The boy with a book came in.
get a fright:吓了一跳
such...that.../so...that... 如此以致于
so+形容词（副词）＋that.../such＋（形容词或修饰词）＋名词＋that。。。

drop/fall：掉
sb.drop sth,  drop  vt.由于不当心抓什么没有抓住掉下去
fall vi.sth. fall  从上往下落
The chalk is falling./I drop the chalk.

as＝when, 当。。。时候
get away＝run away,逃跑
by car/in the car
drive into：撞
stopped his car/the car stopped
damaged:毁坏

用不定式放在形容词后面，主动表被动含义
too...to.../enough...to...
stop:拦住车子
both men＝tow persons

stop the car
1.the driver stopped the car
2.其他人 stopped the car：拦车
stop thief:捉贼
捉，抓住：catch

【Comprehension】

1...a....
perfer...to...：更喜欢这个东西（和后面的东西相比）。宁可也不
be sorry:遗憾
prefer+名词：更喜欢
I prefer tea to water.
prefer+名词＋to(prep.)+名词
I prefer drinking tea to drinking water.
prefer to（不定式的标志）＋动词原型：更喜欢
rather than : 不喜欢
He prefers to drive a bus rather than drive a taxi.
I prefer to have an apple rather than have an orange.

3...a...
used to（不定式的标志）:过去做现在不做
used to do（prep)：过去常常做现在不做了
be used to doing sth：习惯于
I am（not) used to getting up early.
be used to do：被用来
The knife is used to cut the paper.
The boy is used to swimming in the river.
The boy used to swim in the river.

4...d...
see sb doing：看见某人正在做某事
see sb do：看见某人做某事
hear: 听见
notice(watch)sb doing

7......
too...to... 太。。。以致于不能。。。
enough...to...足以用来做某事

8......
be sorry about:为什么感到遗憾（抱歉）
be pleased with:对什么感到满意
laugh at:嘲笑
laugh about:为什么原因而笑

11...d...
drop vt. 抓什么而没有抓住
sb drop sth
fall:什么东西往下落  vi.
sth fall
let sb do:让某人做某事
let:听之任之
make sb do,含有强迫的概念
let sb do,含有听之任之的概念
My father makes me play football.
My father lets me play football.

so/such，It's easy to recognize.
The apple is sweet enough to eat.
如果一个不定式的前面是一个形容词，如果主句的结局是系表结构＋to,不定式当中常常用主动表被动
在不定式的表达方式当中，动词的宾语如果刚好是这句话的主语，这个宾语一定不能出现
The apple is too sour to eat.
to answer the question
The question is easy enough to answer.
easy to recognize
在不定式当中，也许有可能用主动表达被动含义，及物动词后面一般加宾语（这个宾语就是这句话的主语就不加）
The clothes are comfortable to wear.

so/such：如此
so/such...that...如此以致于
so+形容词或副词
such＋（a/an或形容词）名词
如果有名词用such，如果没有名词用so
如果名词是可数名词单数，才会在名词前面出现a/an，发过来如果是可数名词单数，前面一定要加a/an

1...so...
2...such a...
4...such...
5...so...
6...such a...
7...such an...
8。。such a。。。
3....
such mistakes
如果形容词是表达数量的（many/much/few/little)，一律用so
There is so little time left that we must hurry.
There is such a little bird that I can't see it.
He is so lazy a boy./He is such a lazy boy.
如果有几个以上的形容词共同修饰一个名词的时候，冠词放在第一位
such＋冠词＋形容词＋名词/so＋形容词＋冠词＋名词

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Lesson 36
Across the Channel
横渡海峡

【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★record n. 记录
如果同一词音节落在第一个音节的重音，肯定是名词，重音落在第二个音节肯定是动词
recorder:录音机
present/desert
break the record:打破记录
set up：建立
set up a new record：建一个记录
hold（keep) the record:保持记录
equal：等号等于
equalize the record:平记录

★strong adj. 强壮的
as...as... 比如。比方
as strong as horse
strong wind：大风
heavy rain:大雨
strong girl
strong mind :意志坚强
out of sight,out of mind
sturdy：结实
robust：身体结实
strong swimmer
strong+运动员：获胜把握比较大，强有力

★swimmer n. 游泳运动员
游泳者
athlete：运动员
swimming athlete

★succeed v. 成功
success n. 成功的人
successful adj.
succeed in doing sth
be successful in doing sth
fail：失败
failure n.

★train v. 训练
train sb to do sth ：让某人形成一种技能
teach sb to do sth
trainer：教练
training center

★anxiously adv. 焦急地
anxious：焦急的

★intend v. 打算
be to/be about to/be going do: 表将来
intend to do sth＝be going to do sth
plan：计划
plan to do do
mean to do：打算在某事
What do you mean to do(intend to do)?
aim to do sth：打算做某事
aim n. 目标
I am going to have a company.
I intend to have a company.
I intend to do sth=I will do sth.
hope to do
want to do

★solid adj. 固体的，硬的
The ice is solid.

First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What is Debbie going to try to do?

Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel tomorrow. She is going to set out from the French coast at five

o'clock in the morning. Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new world record. She is a strong swimmer

and many people feel that she is sure to succeed. Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat. Mr. Hart has trained

his daughter for years. Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England. Debbie intends

to take short rests every two hours. She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food. Most of Debbie's

school friends will be waiting for her on the English coast. Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel herself

when she was a girl.

参考译文

黛比.哈特准备明天横渡英吉利海峡。她打算早上5点钟从法国海岸出发。黛比只有11岁，她希望创一项新的世界纪录。她是一个游泳能手，很

多人认为她一定能成功。黛比的父亲将乘一条小船同她一道出发。哈特先生训练她的女儿已经多年了，明天他将焦急地注视着女儿游过这段漫

长的距离到达英国。黛比计划每两小时休息一下。她将喝些饮料，但不吃固体食物。黛比的大部分同学将在英国海岸等候她。他们当中还会有

黛比的母亲，她本人还是个姑娘时，也曾横渡过英吉利海峡！

【课文讲解】

balet dancers /football player
1.work as+地点
2.工作怎么样
（1)interesting/boring/exciting
（2)人对工作的喜欢程度，She/He likes the job very much.

channel：海峡
the Channel=the English Channel
across：横渡
be going to:打算
先说小单位，再说大单位
hope:希望
hope to do:希望自己做
hope that+从句：希望别人做
set up a new world record
strong swimmer
feel(that):宾语从句中的that可以省略
must＋动词原形：表示一定
be sure to do：一定能够
sure
Are you sure? sure:肯定
be sure of(对某件事情名词做宾语）
be sure to do（对某件事情动词有把握）
be sure that(对某件事情某人做某事有把握）
I am sure that I can do sth.=I am sure to do sth.=I am sure of sth.
I am sure of my success.
I am sure to succeed.
U am sure that I can succeed(be successful).
by boat/in a boat
for years
will be doing
as=when
swim+距离：游过多少距离
will be watching sb anxiously as:当。。时候人们会密切（焦急）关注
All the world will be watching anxiously as the war broke out
meet the parents
We will be watching anxiously as you went(go)out.
plan to/intend to
have(take) a break(rest)
take short rests
every two hours
I will plant another tree every three trees.
something to drink:可以喝的东西
have something to eat/read/do
most/most of
most直接用：most of+the
will be waiting
I will be right here waiting for you.
on the coast
among them
oneself放在动词或一句话的后面，往往起强调作用
定语从句中的关系词往往指代的含义是前面的先行词
限定性定语从句/非限定性定语从句
如果有逗号的是非限定性定语从句，如果没有逗号的是限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句可以做，非限定性定语从句不可以做的是that
限定性定语从句少了后面的句子，这句话意思就不完整
非限定性定语从句前面的句子完整，后面的句子起着补充说明的作用
非限定性定语从句一旦有逗号隔开，后面的句子和前面的句子关系就不紧密

among：在。。。之间（三者或三者以上）
between them：左右各一个人 ；among them：很多人
倒装句
地点＋will＋名词
Here you are./Here is my ticket.
Among them will be Debbie's mother
全部倒装：地点（介词短语或副词）＋动词＋名词

Here is my ticket./Here you are.
倒装句型中如果主语是名词，放在动词后面，如果是代词放在动词前面

be going to/will be doing/intend to do. 将来时的表达方式
在陈述句和疑问句中，我们常常用be going to 来代替shall或will
但是下列的句子中我们不能用going to
be going to一定强调计划和安排，顺理成章的不用be going to
Tomorrow will be Tuesday.
wayto go/well done.
bilgo，go

【Special difficulties】

watch/look at/follow
watch something happening
look at:看
follow：跟随，follow me

solid/firm/stable
solid:硬的（固体）
firm:稳固的（不松动的）
stable:坚定的（性格）
firm/stable
firm(人）：下定决心，不会改变主意，firm decision
stable（人）：稳重的，可靠的

1...a______decision...
a firm decision
came to a decision/make a decision
come to a conclusion 得出结论

2...______the boats....
watch the boats
watch sb.doing sth.
watch 得出结论直接加宾语

3...I_____your....
May I look at your...

4...so_____that....
so soild 如此的坚硬
enough to do 足以做某事
The ice in the pond is solid enough to walk on.
The ice in jthe pond is so solid that you can walk on it.
The room is clean enough to live in.
The room is so clean that we can live there.

5...be remained._____
be remained firm.

【Multiple choice questions】

3...feel sure____it.
sure of + n.
sure to do
sure that...
Answer: D

4....______....
as:由于； 当……时候
as（当……时候）＝when,while
Answer: C
during prep.
though meanwhile; though 虽然
meanwhile=at the same time
meanwhile adv.
however adv.然而
连词连接两个句子，副词只能修饰句子或者动词，起修饰作用

8...hopes to ______...
set up a record 创记录
make a record 创造记录
Answer: B

9...sure to be____...
succession 继任者
successful adj.
success n.
be + adj. 系表结构
be + n. 前者＝后者
Answer: A
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Lesson 37            The Olympic Games              奥林匹克运动会 【New words and expressions】 生词和短语 ★Olympic  adj. 奥林匹克的 Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会，简称 the Games ★hold  v. 召开 hold,held,held have a meeting 召开会议 hold a meeting  召开会议 hold a party  召开宴会 被动：The meeting will be held.       The Olympic Games will be held in China in 2008 ★government  n. 政府 ★immense  adj. 巨大的 big,large 大的 huge 巨大 great 大的，伟大的 immense/i'mens/ 极大的，无边的 immense ocean great man 伟人；big man 大人物； large man 大块头 huge （体积）巨大，庞大 ★stadium  n. 露天体育场 playground 操场 sports field 运动场  sports：各种各样的运动 gymnasium：体育；gym 体育馆 ★standard  n. 标准 high standard 高标准 Olympic standard 运动会中的最高标准 ★capital  n. 首都 capital 大写的 ★fantastic  adj. 巨大的，宏伟 ★design  v. 设计 designer n. 设计师 well-designed 设计不错     First listen and then answer the question.     听录音，然后回答以下问题。     When was the last time this country hosted the Olympic Games?     The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic City'. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country. 参考译文     4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行。由于将有大批的人到我们国家来，所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个 新的奥运会标准游泳池。他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线。奥运会就在首都市郊举办，整个地区将被称作“奥林匹克城”。工人们 将在今年年底前把新路铺好；到明年年底，他们将把新体育场建成。这些巨大的现代化建筑是由库尔特.冈特设计的。大家都将急切地注视着新 建筑的建成。我们都非常激动，盼望着奥运会的到来，因为在这个国家里还从未举办过奥运会。 【课文讲解】 4 years later 四年后 The Olympic Games will be held in our country... as/because  引导原因 a large number of peope/a great many people 大部分的人 be visiting the country be building 建设 an immense stadium 一个大型体育场 a new Olympic-standard swimming pool 一个高标准的游泳池 be building 修建 special railway-line  专线铁路 outside the capital 市郊 Olympic City 奥林匹克城 by the end of this year  到今年年底前 by 完成时的标志，表示到……为止 现在完成式：到现在某一点时间为止 过去完成式：到过去某一点时间为止 将来完成式：到将来某一点时间为止，某个动词已经发生 will have done by the end of next year 到明年年底前 By the end of next year ,they will have finished/completed the work on the new stadium. work on....……的工程 modern buildings 现代化建筑 fantastic 巨大的 ...have been designed by.... Everybody will be watching anxiously ...人们都将密切注视…… as the new buildings go up as 随着，引导从句，状语从句不用将来时态 be built  强调建造 go up 拔地而起 be excited 激动的 look forward to + n./doing 期待（很高兴的） because 因为 because they have never been held before in this country. before 在此之前 He will be watching anxiously as... :密切注意 将来完成时  will have done(till,until) 4...... by the end of next year by：到。。。为止，在。。。之前 7...... because：强调后面的是原因 because of：（介词短语） why……不能直接做连词 due to：（介词短语）由于 His success is due to his hard work. 12...... look forward to：期待（高兴） expect：期待 be pleased：感到高兴的，令人满意地 be pleased to do sth：乐于做某事 5.....b 完成的概念 be complete complete：（adj)完全的； （v.)完成 are now completed are complete 【Special difficulties】 a.Hold（会议，宴会） b.Look   look forward to+名词/动词的－ing   look out：当心   look up：查阅;拜访      look up words in the dictionary      look up sth. in the book      look sb. up 1....holding....looking forward to... be+动词－ing 2....look(him)up... knock over：撞到 “Who's Who”:《名人大全》 4....held... debate on：辩论 三步：1.dialogue       2.discussion       3.debate capital:首都；大写 capital punishment：极刑 5......look（her)up... look up：拜访，看 6....held...looking forward to... hold an exam：举行考试 take the exam：接受考试 【Composition】 1.Both my bother and I are going to the Olympic Games. 2.We bought tickets a long time ago and (we) shall be leaving soon. 3.We shall not only see the games but visit many parts of the country as well.