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作者：综合能力部 王建华
学习任何知识都是从简单到复杂，学习英语也一样。我们可以用不同的句型来谈论生活，谈论家庭，谈论爱情；表达喜怒哀乐。有些同学认为要背下这些句子才能表达观点和感情。这也正是大家认为英语很难学或英语靠背诵的原因。其实所有这些丰富的句子是由三个最基本的英语句型变化而来的。
新概念第一册中有很多篇文章是对这三种基本句型的学习和练习。本文选取三篇比较有代表性的课文对这三种句型进行讲解。
Lesson 13 A new dress
LOUISE: What colour’s your new dress?
ANNA: It’s green.
ANNA: Come upstairs and see it.
LOUISE: Thank you.
ANNA: Look! Here it is!
LOUISE: That’s a nice dress. It’s very smart.
ANNA: My hat’s new, too.
LOUISE: What colour is it?
ANNA: It’s the same colour. It’s green, too.
LOUISE: That is a lovely hat!
本课讲的主要是“ 主语＋系动词＋表语”这个句型。
1.主语是句子的主体。名词和代词可以做主语。
2.系动词用于连接主语和表语。使用最多的是Be 动词(am, is, are).
3.表语表示主语的身份、状态以及所处的位置。名词，形容词，介词短语可以作表语。
课文中的句子That’s a nice dress. 是使用的代词做主语，名词作表语。
It’s very smart. 是使用的代词做主语，形容词作表语。
My hat’s new. 是使用的名词做主语，形容词作表语。
第三十一课 的she’s in the garden. 就是使用的代词做主语，介词短语作表语。
掌握了这个最基本的句型，通过进一步的学习，像“ 幸福是太多和太少之间的一站”这样的话你也可以表达了。
Happiness is a station between too much and too little.
Lesson 25 Mrs. Smith’s kitchen
Mrs. Smith's kitchen is small.
There is a refrigerator in the kitchen.
The refrigerator is white.
It is on the right.
There is an electric cooker in the kitchen.
The cooker is blue.
It is on the left.
There is a table in the middle of the room.
There is a bottle on the table.
The bottle is empty.
There is a cup on the table, too.
The cup is clean.
本课主要讲的是There be 的结构，该结构表达某地存在某物。 注意语序：先说有什么东西，在用介词短语表示在什么地方。
There is a refrigerator in the kitchen.
There is an electric cooker in the kitchen.
There is a table in the middle of the room.
There is a bottle on the table.
There is a cup on the table, too.
这些句子都是这样的句型。There be 句型的主语可以是人或物。而“介词＋名词”构成的介词短语作状语，表示地点。
中文有句话叫做“家家有本难念的经”英文中也有类似的表达，用的就是这个句型。There is a skeleton(骷髅，家丑) in every house.
Lesson 55 The sawyer family
The Sawyers live at 87 King Street.
In the morning, Mr. Sawyer goes to work and the children go to school.
Their father takes them to school every day.
Mrs. Sawyer stays at home every day. She does the housework.
She always eats her lunch at noon.
In the afternoon, she usually sees her friends. They often drink tea together/in the garden.
In the evening, the children come home from school. They arrive home early.
Mr. Sawyer comes home from work. He arrives home late.
At night, the children always do their homework. Then they go to bed. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper, but sometimes he and his wife watch television.
本课主要讲的是“主语＋谓语＋宾语”这个句型。
1.主语是句子的主体。名词和代词可以做主语。
2.谓语是主语发出的动作，由动词充当。
3.宾语是动作的接受者，由名词或代词的宾格充当。
课文中She always eats her lunch at noon..
句中she 是主语，eat 是谓语， her lunch 是宾语。
其中 always 是修饰谓语eat 的状语。 At noon这个介词短语也是作状语，表示谓语动作 eat 发生的时间。介词短语除了可以表示时间外，还可以表示地点。
如：He plays basketball on the playground.
“伟大的目标造就伟大的人。”就是这个最基本的句型Great goal produces great.
这就是英语中的三个最基本的句型，看似很简单，其实所有的英语句子都是根据这三种句型变化而来的。新概念第一册有许多这样的例子。多练习，多重复，打好基础，英语其实很容易。 （编辑：赵露）
（王建华，广播台英语节目主持人，校英语演讲比赛优秀奖。曾经在某著名公司外事部担任会议主持、合同谈判等工作。多年从事教学及培训的工作，使得他的课堂，信息量丰富，生动活泼，擅于旁征引博，极具课堂魅力） |
